潜伏-隔离机制下的信息扩散拓展模型及稳定性

为适应信息扩散中病毒传播的复杂性和不确定性,在传统病毒传播模型和信息扩散模型基础上,引入潜伏状态和隔离状态,研究潜伏-隔离机制下的信息扩散模型及其稳定性。构建基于潜伏-隔离机制的信息扩散模型;运用劳斯稳定性判据,论证系统平衡点的局部稳定性,分析基本再生数R0及其对网络感染源和系统状态的影响;通过仿真实验,分析节点连通半径、节点分布密度和节点接触率对信息扩散的影响。仿真结果表明:通过调整节点连通半径、节点分布密度和节点接触率等参数,可实现对信息扩散的有效控制。     

Drone usage by militant groups: exploring variation in adoption

Judging by recent media reporting and pronouncements by senior US military and security officials, the use of drones by militant groups is both reshaping conflict between armed non-state actors and state parties and now presents a grave and direct threat to nations in the West and elsewhere. But does this threat warrant the attention it is currently receiving? To answer this question, this article surveys how various militant groups have used drones both tactically on the battlefield and for wider strategic purposes. Closely examining how drones have been employed and by whom provides a basis for understanding variation in adoption. The article shows how drone usage or non-usage is highly contingent on the setting of the conflict, the aims of different groups, and the capacity of groups to adopt the technology. Though advances in drone technology could make the use-case more appealing for militant groups, drones will be subject to the same back-and-forth, techno-tactical adaptation dynamic between adversaries that have accompanied prior military innovations.     

The impact of military spending cutbacks on economic activity in an incentive‐wage two‐sector aggregative economy∗

We examine the theoretical outcomes of disarmament on economic activity in a two‐sector model of endogenous equilibrium unemployment rate. Three main shocks are analyzed: Exogenous cutbacks in military spending on the capital good and employment, and a reduction in public sector debt. The first shock is contractionary for equilibrium employment if the capital‐goods producing sector is relatively labour‐intensive but expansionary under the alternative factor intensity assumption. The second shock is contractionary for employment under either relative factor intensity assumption. If Ricardian equivalence fails, a reduction in public sector debt is likely to expand long‐term employment (JEL E24).     

财经报道中军事概念隐喻的认知分析

隐喻是一种非常普遍的语言现象。以军事活动为源域的概念隐喻常出现在财经类报道中。以认知语言学概念隐喻理论为研究框架,从两域映射层面和文化认知层面,剖析军事概念映射的“商场即战场”机制下产生的军事用语的泛化现象,重点分析此类概念隐喻通过源域向目标域的映射来实现对于抽象的财经概念、经济现象的通俗易懂的描述过程。     

拱顶罐量油孔油气逸出及扩散数值模拟

为了模拟拱顶罐量油孔油气逸出及逸出后的扩散过程,基于k-ε湍流理论建立了拱顶罐量油孔油气逸出扩散控制方程组,采用数值模拟方法重点讨论了不同罐内压力条件下油气逸出速度和量油孔附近油气浓度的变化.模拟结果表明罐内压力随时间变化与已有理论推导结果吻合;由于罐内正压,油气逸出速度很大,并且均在1 s左右达到峰值;在距离量油孔孔口2 m范围内,油气浓度偏高,无论是从安全、环保还是从人员健康方面考虑,都应采取措施降低油气浓度.     

粒子束空间传输影响因素及应对方法

全面分析了初始束流分布、发散度、能散度以及地磁场对粒子束空间传输的影响情况,并针对束流长距离传输的静电扩散和地磁偏转效应进行了数值建模及定量的数值仿真研究。结果表明,对于固定束流能量、流强粒子束,可通过增大初始半径削弱粒子束静电扩散效应达到设计要求;通过背景磁场精确预测,可准确控制束流方向精度。可以看出,研究带电粒子束本身的自洽行为以及与外场的作用,对带电粒子束流的产生、传输特性研究及工程化应用都有重要意义。     

System reliability based on diffusion models for fatigue crack growth

Diffusion processes are commonly used to describe the dynamics of complex systems arising in a wide range of application fields. In this paper we propose, on the basis of diffusion processes, two models concerned with the stochastic behavior of fatigue cracks in a system. They are then used to get the distribution of the failure time, the first time the crack size of at least one of the cracks exceeds a given value. Several properties of our proposed models are presented, and the unknown parameters are estimated by the method of maximum likelihood. From these an estimate of failure time distribution is obtained. In this part, contrary to common practice, we do not assume availability of failure data. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005     

具有时滞和扩散的动力系统的全局稳定性

研究一类具有时滞和扩散的非自治Ⅲ类功能性反应系统,给出了系统一致持久和全局渐近稳定的充分条件。     

常见有毒化学品泄漏事故模型及救援警戒区的确定

运用连续点源扩散模型,讨论常见有毒化学品泄露事故在不同大气条件下的成灾模型,对距泄漏点一定距离处的有害物质浓度和不同伤害剂量的区域进行了估算,进而探讨有毒化学品泄露事故发生后的应急救援警戒区确定.所提出的泄露事故模型能够为消防部队有效的执行应急救援提供理论依据.     

Fibonacci数列及其算法分析

讨论了方程x^k=x^k-1＋x^k-2＋……＋x＋1的性质根，并利用其给出了k阶Fibonacci数列的通项公式及其性质，最后，给出了该数列的一些算法，并对这些算法做了简要分析。